Cold overnight temperatures have led to soil warming up slower, which could delay maize performance.
While some areas will be at their optimum temperature for sowing, care needs to be taken. Mel Digger, forage product specialist at ForFarmers says that the decision to sow should be made field-by-field, as there is still a risk of overnight frosts.
“Soil temperature really needs to be above 8°C – 10°C for three to four consecutive days and preferably rising on light ground, and 10°C – 12°C on heavier soils, before you think about maize planting,” says Mel.
“Take each field on a case-by-case basis and only plant when forecast conditions look good. Following the late sowings last year due to the weather, which was then further affected by a late harvest, there is a wish to get maize in as soon as possible at present.
“Preparation of the field is key to establishing and growing a successful maize crop. Subsoiling is essential because maize is a deep rooting plant, and any compaction will result in uneven and patchy germination. Plough and cultivate, and leave a fine, firm seedbed with a working tilth of 5cm.
“We’ve had some dry conditions this spring and although weather seems to be a bit more unsettled now, moisture is important for successful establishment.
“You need to be planting into moisture to provide the optimum conditions for even germination. A drilling depth of between 3 and 5cm will help ensure a good moisture content.”
She adds that a row width of 75cm and speed spacings of between 10 and 12cm is desired, with seed rates of between 104,000 and 111,000/ha, although this should be adapted to the variety.
“Lower seed rates advance maturity and can improve quality but will reduce dry matter (DM) yield, while higher seed rates increase DM yields but delay maturity and quality may suffer,” she adds.